* Encoding: UTF-8.
*Generating scale scores in SPSS for the Early Human Capability Index (eHCI) – Australian version

**Add variable and value labels**

VARIABLE LABELS 
qu1 'Can this child communicate their needs by crying or pointing?'
qu2 'Can this child understand local language?'
qu3 'Can this child use words to get their needs met?'
qu4 'Can this child tell you about their day using a single word or simple sentence?'
qu5 'Can this child tell you about their day using multiple sentences?'
qu6 'Can this child take turns speaking in a conversation?'
qu7 'Does this child show more curiosity about something new in comparison to something familiar?'
qu8 'Does this child investigate/explore the function of a new toy/game/puzzle or object?'
qu9 'Does this child use objects in make-believe play?'
qu10 'Is this child interested in games?'
qu11 'When in an unfamiliar environment with a familiar person present, does this child feel free to explore?'
qu12 'Is this child diligent in their approach to a new job or task?'
qu13 'Can this child recognise geometric shapes (e.g. triangle, circle, square)?'
qu14 'Can this child name and identify at least 3 colours?'
qu15 'Can this child sort and classify objects by common characteristics (e.g. shape, colour, size)?'
qu16 'Can this child name and recognise the symbol of all numbers from 1 to 10?'
qu17 'Can this child count to 20?'
qu18 'Does this child know that a giraffe is taller than a cat?'
qu19 'Does this child know the order of the day (e.g. breakfast then lunch then dinner then sleep)?'
qu20 'Does this child understand the concepts of yesterday, today and tomorrow?'
qu21 'Does this child know that an elephant weighs more than a mouse?'
qu22 'Does this child know that the number 8 is bigger than the number 2?'
qu23 'Can this child follow reading directions? (i.e. left to right, top to bottom)'
qu24 'Can this child identify at least 3 letters of the alphabet?'
qu25 'Can this child identify at least 20 letters of the alphabet?'
qu26 'Can this child read at least 4 simple popular words?'
qu27 'Can this child read complex words?'
qu28 'Can this child read simple sentences?'
qu29 'Can this child scribble on a page using a pen/pencil/crayon?'
qu30 'Can this child draw something identifiable (e.g. a stick person)'
qu31 'Can this child write at least 3 letters? (e.g. A, B, C)'
qu32 'Can this child write their own name?'
qu33 'Can this child write simple words?'
qu34 'Can this child write simple sentences?'
qu35 'Can this child identify two local animals?'
qu36 'Can this child identify two culturally important foods/dishes?'
qu37 'Can this child identify two local plants that provide food/fruits?'
qu38 'Can this child sing familiar childrens song (e.g. Twinkle, Twinkle)?'
qu39 'Can this child perform prayers/cultural routines?'
qu40 'Is this child happy to share their toys and belongings?'
qu41 'Does this child take care of their own things?'
qu42 'Does this child demonstrate respect for adults?'
qu43 'Does this child demonstrate respect for other children?'
qu44 'Does this child accept responsibility for their actions?'
qu45 'Is this child considerate of other peoples feelings?'
qu46 'Is this child helpful?'
qu47 'Is this child friendly to other children?'
qu48 'Does this child kick, bite or hit adults or other children?'
qu49 'Is this child impatient?'
qu50 'Does this child understand the difference between right and wrong?'
qu51 'Does this child follow simple directions on how to do something?'
qu52 'Does this child perform tasks independently?'
qu53 'Does this child keep at a task until they are finished?'
qu54 'Does this child need constant reminding to finish something off?'
qu55 'Does this child get easily distracted from a task?'
qu56 'Is this child frequently sickly?'
qu57 'Does this child always wash their hands after toileting?'
qu58 'Does this child have any disabilities/special needs?'
qu59_cm 'Childs height in cm'
qu60_kg 'Childs weight in kg'.
EXECUTE.

VALUE LABELS 
qu1 to qu6 		                             1 "Can already"  0 "Can't yet" 9 "No answer"/
qu7 to qu12 		           1 "Yes" 0 "No" 9 "No answer"/
qu13 to qu17		           1  "Can already"  0 "Can't yet" 9 "No answer"/
qu18 to qu22		           1  "Yes" 0 "No" 9 "No answer"/
qu23 to qu39		           1  "Can already"  0 "Can't yet" 9 "No answer"/
qu40 to qu58 		           1  "Yes" 0 "No" 9 "No answer"/.
EXECUTE.
 

** Create new variables for all items used in the calculation of domain scores **
** 1 = good, 0 = bad in variables below **


RECODE qu1 qu2 qu3 qu4 qu5 qu6 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO verbal1 verbal2 verbal3 verbal4 verbal5 verbal6.
RECODE qu7 qu8 qu9 qu10 qu11 qu12 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO approaches1 approaches2 approaches3 approaches4 approaches5 approaches6.
RECODE qu13 qu14 qu15 qu16 qu17 qu18 qu19 qu20 qu21 qu22 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO numconcepts1 numconcepts2 numconcepts3 numconcepts4 numconcepts5 numconcepts6 numconcepts7 numconcepts8 numconcepts9 numconcepts10.
RECODE qu23 qu24 qu25 qu26 qu27 qu28 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO reading1 reading2 reading3 reading4 reading5 reading6.
RECODE qu29 qu30 qu31 qu32 qu33 qu34 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO writing1 writing2 writing3 writing4 writing5 writing6.
RECODE qu35 qu36 qu37 qu38 qu39 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO cultural1 cultural2 cultural3 cultural4 cultural5.
RECODE qu40 qu41 qu42 qu43 qu44 qu45 qu46 qu47 qu50 qu51 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO soc_emot1 soc_emot2 soc_emot3 soc_emot4 soc_emot5 soc_emot6 soc_emot7 soc_emot8 soc_emot11 soc_emot12. 
RECODE qu48 qu49 (9=SYSMIS) (1=0) (0=1) INTO soc_emot9 soc_emot10.
RECODE qu52 qu53 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO perseverance1 perseverance2.
RECODE qu54 qu55 (9=SYSMIS) (1=0) (0=1) INTO perseverance3 perseverance4.
RECODE qu56 (9=SYSMIS) (1=0) (0=1) INTO ph1.
RECODE qu57 (9=SYSMIS) (ELSE=Copy) INTO ph2.
EXECUTE.
 

** Create domain scores and overall summary measures **


**This method will calculate a domain score provided that < 20% of scores (approximately) are missing. 
** MEAN.8 denotes "calculate the mean value provided that at least 8 of the individual items are non-missing". 

COMPUTE Physical = MEAN.1 (ph1, ph2). 
COMPUTE Verbal = MEAN.4 (verbal1, verbal2, verbal3, verbal4, verbal5, verbal6).
COMPUTE Approaches =  MEAN.4 (approaches1, approaches2, approaches3, approaches4, approaches5, approaches6).
COMPUTE Numeracy_Concepts = MEAN.8 (numconcepts1, numconcepts2, numconcepts3, numconcepts4, numconcepts5, numconcepts6, numconcepts7, numconcepts8, numconcepts9, numconcepts10).
COMPUTE Reading =  MEAN.4 (reading1, reading2, reading3, reading4, reading5, reading6).
COMPUTE Writing = MEAN.4 (writing1, writing2, writing3, writing4, writing5, writing6).
COMPUTE Cultural_spiritual = MEAN.4 (cultural1, cultural2, cultural3, cultural4, cultural5).
COMPUTE Social_emotional = MEAN.9 (soc_emot1, soc_emot2, soc_emot3, soc_emot4, soc_emot5, soc_emot6, soc_emot7, soc_emot8, soc_emot9, soc_emot10, soc_emot11, soc_emot12).
COMPUTE Perseverance = MEAN.3 (perseverance1, perseverance2, perseverance3, perseverance4).
EXECUTE.

COMPUTE Literacy_numeracy =  MEAN.17 (numconcepts1, numconcepts2, numconcepts3, numconcepts4, numconcepts5, numconcepts6, numconcepts7, numconcepts8, numconcepts9, numconcepts10, 
reading1, reading2, reading3, reading4, reading5, reading6, writing1, writing2, writing3, writing4, writing5, writing6).
COMPUTE Overall_development= MEAN.7 (Physical, Verbal, Cultural_spiritual, Social_emotional, Perseverance, Approaches, Numeracy_Concepts, Reading, Writing).
EXECUTE.



VARIABLE LABELS 
Physical "Physical Health (2-items)"
Verbal "General Verbal Communication (6-items)"
Approaches "Approaches to Learning (6-items)"
Numeracy_Concepts "Numeracy and Concepts (10-items)"
Reading "Formal literacy - Reading (6-items)"
Writing "Formal literacy - Writing (6-items)"
Cultural_Spiritual "Cultural Knowledge (5-items)"
Social_emotional "Social and emotional development (12-items)"
Perseverance "Perseverance (4-items)"
Literacy_numeracy "Formal literacy and numeracy (22-items)"
Overall_development "Summary measure of development across all 9 eHCI domains".
EXECUTE.


*Note. The current computation of scale scores and summary indicators represents a work in progress.   
*The instrument properties are still being validated and changes may still occur as further reliability and validity studies are conducted. The development of the eHCI involves a process of continuous improvement.